The decline of International Law: Impacts on Middle Powers & Media Coverage
Doha, Qatar | 07 December 2025
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In the wake of the apparent decline of international law, aiming to salvage, strengthen or even reimagine it, demands a candid examination of how the rise of hegemonic powers has come to shape international institutions, middle powers, and global public opinion. From the dynamics of emerging multipolarity to new technological frontiers, ever more interconnected opportunities and challenges are bound to determine our shared future.
If the promise of functional legal and governance frameworks that are genuinely grounded in the rule of law lies in non-aligned, multilateral action, then overcoming fragmented foreign policy approaches and longstanding grievances could prove defining. And yet, unleashing the true, joint potential of emerging global actors, in and of itself, underscores the importance of fostering an informed and actively engaged international community capable of calling for and building such an equitable world.
CAF2025 took place as part of the Doha Forum 2025’s array of high-impact encounters, thanks to the collaboration between Al Jazeera Media Institute and the Doha Forum organisation.
1st SESSION
Institutional Architecture and an Authority in Transition
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Yalta Conference mistakes.
Middle powers and regional blocs hold characteristic advantages in the bid to reconfigure international judicial and arbitration systems, through coalition-building and institutional innovation. Fulfilling that potential, however, will demand navigating structural weaknesses as much as identifying mutual interests.
Media Coverage and Multipolar Legal Systems
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As emerging powers leverage alternative platforms to challenge dominant interpretations, international legal frameworks must evolve to protect journalists reporting on transnational disputes. In the face of an age of misinformation, this means protecting journalists’ lives as much as the world’s right to the truth and future of journalism itself.
Participants

Wadah Khanfar
WELCOME WORDS
Wadah Khanfar, co-founder and Chairman of the Common Action Forum is a leading voice in global media and policy innovation. As the former Director General of Al Jazeera Network, he transformed the organisation into one of the world’s most influential media outlets. Under his leadership, the Common Action Forum has emerged as a vital platform connecting Global South perspectives, hosting ground-breaking dialogues between policymakers, intellectuals, and civil society leaders from over 40 countries.

Ahmed Eldin
MODERATOR
Ahmed Eldin is a journalist, television host, and documentary filmmaker. He has reported for Al Jazeera English and hosted programs addressing global politics, social change, and intergenerational dynamics. His work bridges long-form journalism and public dialogue, with a focus on power, identity, and narrative framing across cultures, particularly in contexts shaped by conflict, inequality, and political transformation.

Agnès Callamard
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
Agnès Callamard is a human rights scholar and advocate. She serves as Secretary General of Amnesty International and previously held the mandate of UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions. Her work addresses state violence, accountability, and the erosion of international legal norms, combining academic rigour with direct engagement in global human rights mechanisms.

Francesca Albanese
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
Francesca Albanese is an international law expert and UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories occupied since 1967. Her work focuses on international humanitarian law, occupation, and accountability, with particular attention to structural violations and power asymmetries. She has contributed extensively to legal scholarship and policy debates on international protection regimes.

Guillaume Long
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
Guillaume Long is a political analyst and former diplomat. He previously served as Ecuador’s Minister of Foreign Affairs and Permanent Representative to the United Nations. His work concentrates on global power shifts, South–South relations, and critiques of Western-centric multilateralism. He is a frequent commentator on international affairs, geopolitical realignments, and institutional reform.

Herta Däubler-Gmelin
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
Herta Däubler-Gmelin is a jurist and former federal politician. She served as Germany’s Federal Minister of Justice and as a long-standing member of the Bundestag. Her career has focused on constitutional law, civil liberties, and international justice, with sustained engagement in human rights advocacy and legal accountability within both national and international frameworks.

Nurul Izzah Anwar
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
Nurul Izzah Anwar is a social policy activist, former legislator and public servant. She co-founded Malaysia’s leading multiethnic party, the People’s Justice Party (KEADILAN) in 1999 and was elected Deputy President in 2025. She also spends her time working with women and youth in communities as Chair of Polity, a think tank that bridges evidence-based research with on-the-ground interventions.

Arafat Madi
PARTICIPANT
Arafat Madi is a senior researcher specialising in political transitions and governance in the Arab world. At Al Jazeera Centre for Studies, his work focuses on state–society relations, elite fragmentation, and institutional resilience in conflict and post-conflict settings. He regularly contributes policy analysis and research-based commentary on regional power dynamics and comparative political developments.

Ayo Obe
PARTICIPANT
Ayo Obe is a lawyer, columnist and human rights advocate. She serves on the Advisory Board of the Common Action Forum. She has held senior and advisory roles within other international organisations, including the Civil Liberties Organisation, the Goree Institute and the International Crisis Group. Her work centres on the rule of law and democratic accountability, with extensive experience bridging legal advocacy, policy engagement, and transnational civil networks.

Edhem Fočo
PARTICIPANT
Edhem Fočo is a media executive and journalist. He served as Director of Al Jazeera Balkans, playing a key role in establishing and consolidating the network’s regional presence in Southeast Europe. He also led the AJB DOC documentary festival. His professional focus includes editorial leadership, media ethics, and the challenges of independent journalism in politically fragmented and post-conflict media environments.

Ezzeddine Abdelmoula
PARTICIPANT
Ezzeddine Abdelmoula is a political researcher and academic manager. As Manager of Research at Al Jazeera Centre for Studies, he oversees strategic research agendas on Arab politics, political Islam, democracy and regional transformations. His work combines scholarly analysis with policy-oriented output, contributing to debates on governance, legitimacy, and ideological change in the MENA region.

Faizal Dawjee
PARTICIPANT
Faizal Dawjee is a media and politics analyst, formerly Media Director of the government of South Africa. Current Communications Advisor and former director of the Afro-Middle East Centre, his work focuses on African political economy, South–South relations, and post-liberal global order debates. His analysis frequently addresses decolonial thought, strategic autonomy, and the positioning of African states within shifting global power structures.

Galip Dalay
PARTICIPANT
Galip Dalay is a political analyst, Senior Consulting Fellow at Chatham House, and non-resident fellow at the Middle East Council on Global Affairs. His work focuses on Turkish foreign policy, regional geopolitics, and the implications of multipolarity for the Middle East. He regularly publishes policy analyses on great-power competition, regional alignments, and the evolution of the international order.

Hana Jalloul Muro
PARTICIPANT
Hana Jalloul Muro is a politician and international affairs specialist. She serves as a Member of the European Parliament and as Vice-President of the Socialist International, and has a professional background in foreign policy analysis, EU external action, and university teaching. Her work addresses Euro-Mediterranean relations, human rights, and the role of the European Union in conflict prevention and international governance.

Mei Shigenobu
PARTICIPANT
Mei Shigenobu is a journalist and editor specialising in international news and global affairs. As an editor at Al Jazeera, she oversees coverage of geopolitics, social movements, and transnational issues, with a focus on narrative accuracy and contextual depth. Her professional work reflects a strong engagement with cross-regional perspectives and global information flows.

Melanie Schweizer
PARTICIPANT
Melanie Schweizer is a human rights lawyer and legal practitioner. She is the founder of Schweizer Law, where her work focuses on international criminal law, strategic litigation, and accountability for grave human rights violations. She has advised victims, civil society actors, and international mechanisms, with particular emphasis on universal jurisdiction cases and the enforcement gaps within existing international legal frameworks.

Mohamed Affan
PARTICIPANT
Mohamed Affan is a policy and education specialist and Director of Academia at Al Sharq Forum. His work centres on political thought, leadership development, and capacity-building for emerging actors from the Global South. He designs and oversees academic and training programmes that link critical theory, governance, and practical policy engagement across regional and ideological contexts.

Montaser Marai
PARTICIPANT
Montaser Marai is a media development specialist, acting Director of Al Jazeera 360, and former Manager of Media Initiatives at Al Jazeera Media Institute. His work has focused on journalist training, media innovation, and the protection of journalistic standards in high-risk environments. He has led initiatives to support ethical journalism, digital transformation, and capacity building for media professionals across conflict-affected regions.

Muhammad Alkhamaiseh
PARTICIPANT
Muhammad Alkhamaiseh is a journalist with Al Jazeera Media Network. His reporting focuses on regional politics, social dynamics, and the intersection between media narratives and power. He has worked across platforms, contributing to coverage that prioritises contextual depth, field-based reporting, and the perspectives of communities affected by conflict and political transformation.

Rafael Heiber
PARTICIPANT
Rafael Heiber is a civil society executive and Vice Chairman of the Common Action Forum. Also a professor of Sociology at Universidad Carlos III, he focuses on strategic coordination among advocacy, policy dialogue, and international networks addressing global governance and justice. He has been involved in designing platforms that connect legal, media, and policy actors to advance collective action in multipolar contexts.

Tayab Ali
PARTICIPANT
Tayab Ali is an international human rights lawyer, Deputy Managing Partner at Bindmans Law and Director of the International Centre for Justice for Palestinians. His work focuses on accountability, sanctions, and strategic litigation concerning Palestine in both international and domestic legal systems. He is a prominent advocate for the application of international law and the mechanisms of universal jurisdiction.

Taha Özhan
PARTICIPANT
Taha Özhan is a political researcher and Research Director at the Ankara Institute. His work addresses Turkish politics, state transformation, and the changing architecture of regional and global order. He has held senior advisory and academic roles, including Senior Advisor to the Turkish Prime Minister, and has contributed to debates on governance, strategic autonomy, and the recalibration of international institutions.

Tristán Torrejón
PARTICIPANT
Tristán Torrejón is a programme management specialist and Program Manager at the Common Action Forum. His work focuses on the design and coordination of international initiatives linking policy analysis, civil society, and advocacy. As part of CAF, he supports cross-regional collaboration on issues of global justice, institutional reform, and multilateral engagement.

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